oil viscosity TOYOTA ECHO 2002 1.G Owners Manual

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Oil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by highspeed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately.
As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed. The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an express way, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL
CHECK
One of the most important points in prop-
er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en-
gine oil at the optimum level so that oil
function will not be impaired. Therefore, it
is essential that the oil level be checked
regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil
level be checked every time you refuel
the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly
could lead to serious engine trouble
due to insufficient oil.
For detailed information on oil level check,
see “Checking the engine oil level” in Sec-
tion 72.
Brake system
The tandem master cylinder brake system
is a hydraulic system with two separate
subsystems. If either subsystem s
hould
fail, the other will still work. However, the
pedal will be harder to press, and your
stopping distance will be longer. Also, the
brake system warning light may come on.
CAUTION
Do not drive your vehicle with only a
single brake system. Have your
brakes fixed immediately.
BRAKE BOOSTER
The brake booster uses engine vacuum to
powerassist the brakes. If the engine
should quit while you are driving, you can
bring the vehicle to a stop with normal
pedal pressure. There is enough reserved
vacuum for one or two stops but no more!

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Do not drive in excess of the speed
limit. Even if the legal speed limit
permits it, do not drive over 140
km/h (85 mph) unless your vehicle
has highspeed capability tires.
Driving over 140 km/h (85 mph) may
result in tire failure, loss of control
and possible injury. Be sure to con-
sult a tire dealer to determine
whether the tires on your vehicle
are highspeed capability tires or
not before driving at such speeds.
Do not continue normal driving
when the brakes are wet. If they are
wet, your vehicle will require a
longer stopping distance, and it
may pull to one side when the
brakes are applied. Also, the park-
ing brake will not hold the vehicle
securely.
Winter driving tips
Make sure you have a proper freeze
protection of engine coolant.
Your coolant must contain ethyleneglycol
type coolant for a proper corrosion
protection of aluminum components. Use
“TOYOTA Long Life Coolant” or equivalent.
See Section 72 for details about coolant
type selection.
NOTICE
Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or
plain water alone.
When it is extremely cold, we recommend
to use 60% solution for your Toyota, to
provide protection down to about 50°C
(58 °F). Do not use more than 70% solu-
tion for better coolant performance.
Check the condition of the battery and
cables.
Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of
any battery, so it must be in top shape
to provide enough power for winter start-
ing. Section 73 tells you how to visually
inspect the battery. Your Toyota dealer
and most service stations will be pleased
to check the level of charge. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is
suitable for the cold weather.
See Section 72 for recommended viscos-
ity. Leaving a heavy summer oil in your
vehicle during winter months may cause
harder starting. If you are not sure about
which oil to use, call your Toyota deal-
er—he will be pleased to help.
Keep the door locks from freezing.
Squirt lock deicer or glycerine into the
locks to keep them from freezing. To open
a frozen lock, try heating the key before
inserting it.
Use a washer fluid containing an anti-
freeze solution.
This product is available at your Toyota
dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow
the manufacturer ’s directions for how
much to mix with water.
NOTICE
Do not use engine antifreeze or any
other substitute because it may dam-
age your vehicle’s paint.

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Do not allow dirt or anything else
to fall through the spark plugholes.
 Use only spark plugs of the speci-
fied type. Using other types will
cause engine damage, loss of per-
formance or radio noise.
 Do not overfill automatic transmis-
sion fluid, or the transmission
could be damaged.
 Do not drive with the air cleaner
filter removed, or excessive engine
wear could result. Also backfiring
could cause a fire in the engine
compartment.
 Be careful not to scratch the glass
surface with the wiper frame.
 When closing the engine hood,
check to see that you have not for-
gotten any tools, rags, etc.
Parts and tools
Here is a list of parts and tools you will
need on performing doityourself mainte-
nance. Remember all Toyota parts are de-
signed in metric sizes, so your tools must
be metric.
CHECKING THE ENGINE OIL LEVEL
Parts (if level is low):
Engine oil API grade SJ
“EnergyConserving”, SL
“EnergyConserving” or ILSAC
multigrade having viscosity proper for
your climate
Tools:
Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding oil)
CHECKING THE ENGINE COOLANT
LEVEL
Parts (if level is low):
“TOYOTA Long Life Coolant” or equiva-
lent
See Section 72 for details about cool-
ant type selection.
Demineralized or distilled water
Tools:
Funnel (only for adding coolant)
CHECKING BRAKE FLUID
Parts (if level is low):
SAE J1703 or FMVSS No.116 DOT 3
brake fluid Tools:
Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding fluid)
CHECKING POWER STEERING FLUID
Parts (if level is low):
Automatic transmission fluid
DEXRON®II or III
Tools:
Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding fluid)
CHECKING BATTERY CONDITION
Tools:
Warm water
Baking soda
Grease
Conventional wrench (for terminal
clamp bolts)
CHECKING AND REPLACING FUSES
Parts (if replacement is necessary):
Genuine Toyota fuse or equivalent with
same amperage rating as original
ADDING WASHER FLUID
Parts:
Water
Washer fluid containing antifreeze (for
winter use)

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Checking the engine oil level
SU72001
Low levelFull level
Add
oil O.K.
To o
full
With the engine at operating tempera-
ture and turned off, check the oil level
on the dipstick.
1. To get a true reading, the vehicle should be on a level spot. After turning
off the engine, wait a few minutes for
the oil to drain back into the bottom of
the engine.
2. Pull out the dipstick, and wipe it clean with a rag.
3. Reinsert the dipstick—Push it in as far as it will go, or the reading will not be
correct.
4. Pull the dipstick out and look at the oil level on the end.
NOTICE
To avoid drops of the engine oil fal-
ling when you pull out the engine oil
dipstick, make sure to hold a rag un-
der the dipstick.
CAUTION
Be careful not to touch the hot ex-
haust manifold.
If the oil level is below or only slightly
above the low level, add engine oil of
the same type as already in the engine.
Remove the oil filler cap and add engine
oil in small quantities at a time, checking
the dipstick.
The approximate quantity of oil needed to
fill between the low level and the full level
on the dipstick is indicated below for ref-
erence.
When the level reaches within the correct
range, install the f iller cap handtight.
Oil quantity, L (qt., lmp. qt.): 1.5 (1.6, 1.3)
NOTICE
Be careful not to drop the engine
oil on the vehicle components.
 Avoid overfilling, or the engine
could be damaged.
 Check the oil level on the dipstick
once again after adding the oil.
Engine oil selection
Use API grade SJ “EnergyConserving”,
SL “EnergyConserving” or ILSAC
multigrade engine oil.
Recommended viscosity (SAE):
OIL05U
SAE 5W30 is the best choice for your
vehicle, for good fuel economy, and
good starting in cold weather.

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Service specifications
ENGINE
Valve clearance (engine cold), mm (in.):Intake 0.150.25 (0.0060.010)
Exhaust 0.250.35 (0.0100.014)
Spark plug type: DENSO K16RU
NGK BKR5EYA
Spark plug gap, mm(in.): 0.8 (0.031)
Drive belt tension measured with Bor-
roughs drive belt tension gauge No.
BT3373F (used belt), lbf: Generator belt 100 20
Power steering pump belt 65 10 ENGINE LUBRICATION
Oil capacity (drain and ref
ill), L (qt., Imp.
qt.):
With filter 3.7 (3.9, 3.3)
Without filter 3.4 (3.6, 3.0)
Oil grade: API grade SJ “EnergyConserving”, SL
“EnergyConserving” or ILSAC multi-
grade engine oil is recommended.
Recommended oil viscosity (SAE):
OIL05U
COOLING SYSTEM
Total capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.): Manual transmission 4.4 (4.7, 3.9)
Automatic transmission 4.3 (4.5, 3.8)
Coolant type:
“TOYOTA Long Life Coolant” or equiva-
lent
With ethyleneglycol type coolant for a
proper corrosion protection of aluminum
components
Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or
plain water alone.
BATTERY
Open voltage
∗ at 20 C (68 F):
12.612.8 V Fully charged
12.212.4 V Half charged
11.812.0 V Discharged
∗: Voltage that is checked 20 minutes af-
ter the key is removed with all the lights
turned off
Charging rates: 5 A max.

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CLUTCH
Pedal free play, mm (in.):5—15 (0.2—0.6)
Fluid type: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3
MANUAL TRANSAXLE
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.): 1.9 (2.0, 1.7)
Oil type: Gear oil API GL4 or GL5
Recommended oil viscosity: SAE 75W90
AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE Automatic transmission
Fluid capacity (drain and ref ill),
L (qt., Imp. qt.): 2.9 (3.1, 2.6)
Fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid Type
TIV
Change automatic transmission fluid only
as necessary. Generally, it is necessary to change
automatic transmission fluid only if your
vehicle is driven under one of the Special
Operating Conditions listed in your
“Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or
“Owner ’s Manual Supplement”. When
changing the automatic transmission fluid,
use only Toyota Genuine ATF Type TIV
(ATF JWS3309 or NWS6500) to aid in
assuring optimum transaxle performance.
Notice: Using automatic transmission
fluid other than Toyota Genuine ATF
Type TIV may cause deterioration in
shift quality, locking up of your trans-
mission accompanied by vibration, and
ultimately damage the automatic trans-
mission of your vehicle.
BRAKES
Minimum pedal clearance when depressed
with the pressure of 490 N (50 kgf, 110
lbf) with the engine running, mm (in.):
55 (2.2)
Pedal free play, mm (in.): 1—6 (0.04—0.24)
Pad wear limit, mm (in.): 1.0 (0.04)
Lining wear limit, mm (in.): 1.0 (0.04)
Parking brake adjustment when pulled with
the force of 196 N (20 kgf, 44 lbf): 6—9 clicks
Fluid type: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3
STEERING
Wheel free play: Less than 30 mm (1.2 in.)
Power steering fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON II
or III

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Power steering198
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viscosity and grade 194,217
. . . . . . . . . .
Oil consumption 138
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Open door warning light 82
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating tips 123
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation in foreign countries 136 . . . . . . .
Overdrive switch 89
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overheating, Engine 159
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overheating, Engine coolant 80
. . . . . . . . . .
Overview
Engine compartment 186
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P
Parking brake
Operation 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reminder light 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parking brake reminder light 82 . . . . . . . . . .
Polishing 175 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Positioning the jack 190 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power outlet 129 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power steering Fluid level 198 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power window switches 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preloaders (seat belt pretensioners) 38 . . . . . . . . . . .
Pretensioners
(seat belt pretensioners) 38 . . . . . . . . . . .
Protecting your Toyota from corrosion 174 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R
Radiator
Coolant, Engine 196 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear seat Folddown 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear view mirror remote
control 71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear view mirror, Antiglare inside 71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear view mirror, Remote controlled 71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear view mirrors, Outside 70 . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear window defogger switch 77 . . . . . . . . .
Reporting safety defects for U.S. owners 222 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
Seat adjustment precautions
Front seats 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt extender 37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt reminder buzzer 82 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt reminder light 82 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt pretensioner warning light 82 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belts
Cleaning 177 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt precautions 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt pretensioners 38 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seats 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service and maintenance 180 . . . . . . . . . . .
Service reminder indicators 82 . . . . . . . . . .
Side door locks 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spare fuse 208
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spare tire 162 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications 215 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SRS airbag warning light 82 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SRS driver and front passenger airbags 40
. . . . . . . . . . . .
SRS warning light 82
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SRS side airbags 48
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Starting Cold weather 148
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine 147
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jump starting 157
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Starting a flooded engine 156
. . . . . . . . . . . .
Steering Tilt steering wheel 69
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steering column
Column lock 88
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Suspension and chassis 145
. . . . . . . . . . . .
Switch
Emergency flasher 75
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Headlight, dimmer and turn signal 74
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ignition 88
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overdrive 89
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear window defogger 77
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power window 15
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Windshield wiper and washer 76 . . . . . . .
T
Theft deterrent system 20
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Theft prevention labels 144
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Threeway catalytic converter 136 . . . . . . .